For the selection of process flow, the following factors need to be considered. 1. Wastewater quality; 2. Sewage treatment level; 3. Construction and operation costs; 4. The degree of difficulty in construction; 5. The local natural and social conditions; 6. The amount of water in the sewage; 7. Whether the process has produced new conflicts
For the selection of process flow, the following factors need to be considered.
First, wastewater quality
The quality of domestic sewage is usually relatively stable. Common treatment methods include acidification, aerobic biological treatment, and disinfection. The industrial wastewater should be based on the specific conditions of the water quality of the reasonable choice of process. In particular, it is necessary to point out that for the treatment of wastewater with aerobic biological treatment process, attention should be paid to the biodegradability of the wastewater, which usually requires COD/BOD5>0.3. If it cannot meet the requirements, anaerobic biological hydrolysis and acidification may be considered to increase the biodegradability of wastewater, or considering the use of non-biological physical or chemical methods.
Second, the degree of sewage treatment
This is the main basis for the selection of wastewater treatment process. The degree of sewage treatment depends in principle on the water quality characteristics of the sewage, the direction of the treated water and the self-purification capacity of the water flowing into the sewage. Therefore, no matter what kind of sewage needs to be treated, and no matter what kind of treatment process and treatment level is adopted, it should be based on the premise that the effluent of the treatment system can meet the standard. In accordance with the requirements of laws, regulations and policies, prevention and control of water environmental pollution.
Third, construction and operation costs
When considering the construction and operation costs, the treatment water should meet the water quality standard as the precondition. Under this premise, the construction process and the low operating cost of the process should be taken seriously. In addition, reducing the area is also an important measure to reduce construction costs.
Fourth, the difficulty of construction
The degree of difficulty in engineering construction is also one of the factors that influence the selection of process flow. For areas with high groundwater level and poor geological conditions, it is not appropriate to use treatment structures with large depth and high difficulty in construction.
Fifth, local natural and social conditions
Natural conditions such as local terrain and climate also have a certain influence on the choice of wastewater treatment process. If the local climate is cold, proper technical measures should be taken to enable normal operation in the cold season and to ensure that the water quality is achieved.
Local social conditions such as raw materials, water resources, and electricity supply are also one of the factors that should be considered in the selection of processes.
Sixth, the amount of water in the sewage
In addition to water quality, the amount of sewage water is also one of the influencing factors. For wastewater with large variations in water quantity and quality, consider first the process with strong anti-shock load capability, or consider setting up buffering equipment such as regulating pools to minimize adverse effects.
Seventh, whether the process generates new conflicts
The sewage treatment process should pay attention to whether it will cause secondary pollution problems. For example, wastewater from a pharmaceutical factory contains a large amount of organic substances. During the aeration process, organic waste gas will be emitted, which will affect the surrounding atmospheric environment. The gasification wastewater from the fertilizer plant will be recycled after being used for precipitation and cooling, in the cooling tower exhaust gas will contain cyanide, causing pollution to the atmosphere. In the dimethoate wastewater treatment process of pesticides plants, the dimethoate is degraded by alkalization. If lime is used as an alkalizing agent, the resulting sludge will cause secondary pollution; when printing and dyeing or dyeing plant wastewater is treated, Sludge disposal is an important consideration.
In short, the selection of the sewage treatment process should consider various factors comprehensively, and the technical and economic comparison of various schemes can be concluded.